نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری سیاستگذاری علم و فناوری دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران؛ تهران، ایران

2 استاد تمام گروه مدیریت صنعتی دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران؛ تهران، ایران

3 استاد تمام گروه مدیریت دولتی دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مناطق آزاد تجاری و صنعتی یکی از استراتژی‌های نسبتا موفق توسعه فناوری و رشد فعالیت‌های نوآورانه به منظور دستیابی به رشد اقتصادی سرزمین اصلی در بسیاری از کشورهای دنیا بوده است. بررسی‌های مختلف نشان می‌دهد که شکل‌گیری اکوسیستم نوآوری در این مناطق به دلیل داشتن نهادهایی از قبیل قوانین حمایتی، دسترسی راحت‌تر به شبکه بازیگران بین‌المللی، زیرساخت‌های مجهز، و فضای مناسب کسب و کار به راحتی قابل انجام است. تجربیات جهانی نیز موید این نکته است که بسیاری از دولت‌ها با شکل‌دهی اکوسیستم خلق ارزش ناشی از انجام فعالیت‌های نوآورانه در این مناطق، به توسعه فناوری و در نتیجه رشد اقتصادی در سرزمین اصلی کمک کرده‌اند. در ایران نیز علی‌رغم سابقه بیش از نیم قرن در حوزه تاسیس و مدیریت مناطق آزاد تجاری و صنعتی، اما متاسفانه نه تنها اکوسیستم نوآوری در این مناطق در شکل نگرفته بلکه ماموریت‌های ابتدایی این مناطق نیز مانند صادرات مجدد و جذب سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی نیز مورد بی توجهی قرار گرفته است. مطالعات انجام شده در میان مناطق آزاد تجاری و صنعتی ایران و درس‌های آموخته شده از تجارب موفق جهانی در این زمینه، نشان‌دهنده این امر است که برای شکل‌گیری اکوسیستم نوآوری در مناطق آزاد تجاری و صنعتی در راستای انجام فعالیت‌های نوآورانه، توسعه فناوری، رشد اقتصادی و در نتیجه اثرگذاری بر اقتصاد سرزمین اصلی، نیاز به ایجاد نهادهای جدید و یا اصلاح و حذف نهادهای فعلی می‌باشد. این پژوهش به دنبال ارائه الگوی نهادی شکل‌گیری اکوسیستم نوآوری در مناطق آزاد تجاری و صنعتی ایران می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Institutional analysis of the formation of the innovation ecosystem in free trade and industrial zones

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmaeil Abdi 1
  • ali mohaghar 2
  • mohammadsamiei taslimi 3

1 PhD Student in Science and Technology Policy at Tehran University

2 tytr

3 aess

چکیده [English]

Free trade and industrial zones have been one of the relatively successful strategies for technology development in order to achieve mainland economic growth in many countries around the world. Various studies show that the formation of innovation ecosystems in these areas due to having institutions such as protection laws, easier access to the network of international actors, well-equipped infrastructure, and a suitable business environment is easy. Global experience also confirms that many governments have contributed to the development of technology and, consequently, to economic growth in the mainland by shaping the ecosystem of value creation resulting from innovative activities in these areas. In Iran, despite the history of more than half a century in the field of establishment and management of free trade and industrial zones, but unfortunately not only the innovation ecosystem has not been formed in these zones, but also the basic missions of these zones such as re-export and attract investment Foreign direct has also been neglected. Studies conducted among the free trade and industrial zones of Iran and lessons learned from successful global experiences in this field indicate that to form an innovation ecosystem in the free trade and industrial zones in order to carry out activities Innovative, technological development, economic growth and thus impact on the mainland economy, the need to create new institutions or modify and eliminate existing institutions. This study seeks to provide an institutional model for the formation of the innovation ecosystem in the free trade and industrial zones of Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Innovation ecosystem
  • free trade
  • and industrial zone
  • institutional logic
  • Institution
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