The aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting the compensation system in Bank Melli Iran. This is an applied study carried out in the form of a descriptive-survey study. The statistical population of this study includes specialists and employees of Bank Melli Tabriz (N = 130); in this study, sampling was not performed and data were collected by census. The data collection tool was a self-administered questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by face-to-content validity method. Also, Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was equal to 0.89, which indicates that the questionnaire used has the desired reliability. Exploratory factor analysis method was used to analyze the data and extract the factors affecting the service compensation system in Bank Melli Iran. Friedman test was also used to rank the effective factors. Based on the results obtained in this study, six factors of financial services compensation, non-financial services compensation, job-related factors, underlying factors and interfering factors were identified as effective structures on the service compensation system in Bank Melli. The results of Friedman test also showed that financial services compensation has the greatest impact on the service compensation system in Bank Melli and compensation of non-financial services, job-related factors and underlying factors, individual factors, intervening factors are in the next priorities, respectively.