http://www.ipoba.ir/ Iranian Pattern of Progress en daily 1 Sun, 21 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0330 Sun, 21 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0330 http://www.ipoba.ir/article_244734.html The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ethical concerns, religiosity,legality,and attitude on the intention to purchase counterfeit goods.The present study was of a "quantitative" type.This study was applied in terms of its purpose and was a survey in terms of its data collection method.The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were examined and confirmed.The statistical population of this study included customers of Iran Mall stores,with a sample size of384people determined using the Morgan table. SPSS and LISREL software were used to analyze the data.The results showed that ethical concerns have an inverse and significant effect on reducing the intention to purchase counterfeit goods (β = -0.195,meaning that the higher the level of ethical concerns,the lower the tendency to purchase counterfeit goods. Also, religiosity (β= -0.238) and legality (β=-0.233) had a similar effect on the intention to purchase counterfeit goods, and these relationships were significant.In addition,consumers' attitudes towards purchasing counterfeit goods, as a moderating variable, had a positive and significant effect on the intention to purchase these goods (β=0.552).According to the findings of this study,policymakers can reduce the demand for counterfeit goods by strengthening moral values in society,educating religious beliefs, and enacting stricter laws.In addition,domestic producers can shift consumer preferences towards legal goods by increasing the quality and attractiveness of their products.In addition to providing operational solutions to reduce the consumption of counterfeit goods,this study also provides It provides the necessary basis forfuture research in finding factors influencing consumer behavior. http://www.ipoba.ir/article_244894.html Academic culture in any society reflects its epistemological, ethical, and purposeful system. In Islamic Iran, the university, in addition to its educational and research function, bears a civilizational and identity-building mission. However, developments over recent decades indicate a disjunction and imbalance among the three fundamental realms of science, ethics, and wisdom within the academic space; a disjunction manifested in the dominance of quantitative indicators, the weakening of professional ethics, and the fading of wisdom-oriented direction. This research aims to present a layered model for explaining and reconstructing the academic culture of Islamic Iran based on the systematic interaction of science, ethics, and wisdom. The present study was conducted with a qualitative approach and a descriptive-analytical method, based on the analysis of theoretical documents, previous studies, and educational policies. The findings show that Islamic academic culture can be organized in the form of a three-layered model in which "science" acts as the foundational layer, "ethics" as the regulating layer, and "wisdom" as the guiding layer. Furthermore, six categories of challenges including epistemological, ethical, structural, discourse-related, motivational, and institutional challenges were identified on the path to realizing this model. The results indicate that reconstructing academic culture requires reforming the scientific evaluation system, institutionalizing professional ethics, and formulating wisdom-oriented policies at the macro level. http://www.ipoba.ir/article_245019.html AbstractDesirable urban governance and the realization of sustainable development in metropolises depend on the establishment of efficient and multi-layered oversight systems for municipal performance. The present research aims to explain the requirements for effective oversight and analyze its impact on the quality of urban governance, using a descriptive-analytical method and through documentary study. Findings indicate that functional oversight relies on the synergy of components such as data-driven transparency, institutional accountability, active citizen participation, and integrated judicial-financial oversight. The research results show that the establishment of such a comprehensive mechanism, in addition to reducing administrative corruption and safeguarding public resources, leads to the enhancement of political legitimacy, efficiency of urban services, and strengthening of social trust; while its absence results in the deterioration of urban quality of life and the emergence of civil discontent. Finally, this research, while presenting a comprehensive theoretical model, proposes solutions such as strengthening civil institutions, creating participatory oversight platforms, and implementing performance evaluation indicators based on good governance standards to optimize the oversight system for municipalities http://www.ipoba.ir/article_247070.html The present study was conducted with the aim of presenting a marketing development model for the electronic banking system in Bank D. This study is an applied-developmental study in terms of its purpose and is a cross-sectional survey study in terms of the method and time frame of data collection. Semi-structured interviews and a researcher-made questionnaire were used to collect data. The statistical population of the qualitative part of the study included 10 theoretical experts (marketing professors) and empirical experts (managers of Bank D), and the statistical population of the quantitative part included managers and experts of Bank D branches in Tehran, and 274 people participated in this study using the Cohen power analysis method. In the first step, using qualitative content analysis, research indicators were identified and the research model was presented. Then, the partial least squares method and Smart PLS software were used to validate and present the final model. Research findings showed that management factors, software platforms, and hardware platforms affect the management of electronic communication with customers and the quality of electronic services. These factors also affect the improvement of customers' electronic experience. Improving the e-customer experience leads to e-customer engagement, customer satisfaction, and e-customer loyalty. Ultimately, these components lead to the development of e-banking marketing. http://www.ipoba.ir/article_247069.html This study investigates the impact of Islamic ethics on stock returns within the Iranian capital market. Initially, based on a comprehensive review of Islamic literature, the influential ethical variables—namely honesty, information transparency, economic justice, and managerial trustworthiness (fiduciary duty)—were examined in relation to market returns. Subsequently, this relationship was analyzed through the mediating role of investor trust among active market participants. The statistical population of this research comprises all active capital market participants, including executives of listed companies on the stock exchange, Islamic finance professors, and market analysts. Due to the large size of the population, a random sampling method was utilized, and the sample size was determined using Cochran's formula. In the field research phase, a researcher-made questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale was administered after conducting the necessary validity and reliability tests. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with a path analysis approach was employed to test the research hypotheses. To ensure data quality and questionnaire robustness, the overall model fit indices were evaluated, all of which were successfully confirmed. After testing the hypotheses and evaluating the direct and indirect paths, the results indicate that honesty, information transparency, economic justice, and managerial trustworthiness exert a substantial and fundamental impact on capital market returns, particularly when mediated by the creation of investor trust. http://www.ipoba.ir/article_247076.html Navigating political crises has always been a fundamental concern for political systems. The Islamic Republic of Iran, despite facing numerous crises, has managed to maintain its continuity. The central question is how the role of the people in this resilience is formulated within the political thought of Ayatollah Khamenei. Using qualitative content analysis and a logical analysis of his collected speeches and writings, this study systematically examines this issue. The findings reveal that within this intellectual framework, the people are considered the primary agents in overcoming crises and the guarantors of the Islamic system's survival and dynamism. This role is realized through a three-dimensional construct comprising basirat (insight), transcendent resistance, and velayat (guardianship) as relationship. Insight, functioning as an epistemic compass through situation assessment, enemy recognition, and timely action, provides the cognitive dimension of crisis navigation. Transcendent resistance, grounded in the anthropological principles of innate disposition, evolution, and movement, represents the practical manifestation of insight and the action-oriented dimension of this construct. Guardianship, as an integrative framework, organizes scattered insights and individual acts of resistance into a network of directed bonds, transforming them from isolated efforts into collective and synergistic movement. The relationship among this triad is such that insight without resistance is sterile, resistance without insight is blind, and both without guardianship are fragmented and futile. Beyond offering a theoretical framework for understanding crisis navigation in religious democratic systems, this analytical model can serve as a basis for designing public-participation strategies in crisis management for the Islamic system.